In 2024, there was a significant reduction in the number of Indian students pursuing education abroad, with a decrease of 133,925 students compared to the previous year. This decline is largely attributed to stricter immigration and visa policies implemented by traditional destinations such as Canada, Australia, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Conversely, countries like Germany and Russia have experienced a notable increase in Indian student enrollments.

Decline in Traditional Destinations

Canada experienced the most significant drop, with a 41% decrease in Indian student enrollments, falling from 233,532 in 2023 to 137,608 in 2024. This sharp decline is largely attributed to escalating diplomatic tensions between India and Canada, particularly following the murder of a Sikh separatist leader in Canada, which led to mutual expulsions of diplomats and heightened visa restrictions.

The United Kingdom also witnessed a substantial reduction of 27.75%, with Indian student numbers decreasing from 136,921 in 2023 to 98,890 in 2024. This decline is linked to the UK’s implementation of stricter visa policies, including restrictions on students bringing family members, which took effect in January 2024.

The United States and Australia saw declines of approximately 13% and 12%, respectively. In the U.S., increased visa rejection rates have deterred prospective students, while Australia’s tightening of visa regulations and higher financial requirements have contributed to the decrease.

Emerging Destinations Gaining Popularity

Amidst the downturn in traditional destinations, several countries have emerged as attractive alternatives for Indian students:

• Germany: Recorded an increase of 11,406 Indian students in 2024. Factors contributing to this rise include affordable education, a robust economy, and a wide array of English-taught programs.
• Russia: Saw a 34% rise in Indian student enrollments, with an increase of 7,941 students. The appeal is attributed to affordable tuition fees and established medical education programs.
• Other Countries: Uzbekistan (3,314 more students), Ireland (2,427), Singapore (1,784), Kazakhstan (1,466), the Philippines (1,218), France (1,052), and Malaysia (953) also saw an increase in Indian student enrollments.

Overall Trends and Government Response

Despite the decline in specific countries, the overall number of Indian students studying abroad remains substantial, with over 2.4 million students venturing overseas in the past three years, including 759,064 in 2024 alone. This figure slightly surpasses the 2022 levels, indicating sustained interest in international education.

The Indian government has expressed concern over fraudulent agencies that mislead students with false promises regarding education and part-time job opportunities abroad. To support students facing difficulties in foreign countries, the Government of India has established the Indian Community Welfare Fund (ICWF) at Indian missions and posts worldwide, providing emergency financial assistance based on need.

The shifting dynamics in international education for Indian students underscore the impact of geopolitical tensions and policy changes on global mobility. As traditional destinations tighten their immigration and visa regulations, Indian students are increasingly exploring alternative countries that offer quality education with more accessible entry requirements. This trend highlights the importance for students to stay informed about international policies and seek reliable guidance when planning their education abroad.